This paper examines the significance for the state of science and engineering in Japan of two international congresses held in Tokyo in the 1920s: the Third Pan-Pacific Science Congress (PPSC) in 1926 and World Engineering Congress (WEC) in 1929. These two congresses were the first meetings that were not restricted to only one branch of science or engineering but embraced various fields. I will argue that these congresses promoted the rise of the first generation of Japanese scientists. In my review of academic institutions and societies, I discovered much about the historical situation of science in Japan after the late 19th century. In this paper, I will first introduce some general information about these two congresses, and then I will compare them by discussing their characteristics and what they can tell us about the academic situation in Japan in the 1920s.
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