Bangham, Jenny (Author)
Chadarevian, Soraya de (Author)
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Volume: 47, Part A
Issue: Part A
Pages: 45-49
Publication date: 2014
Language: English
Edition Details: First article in a special section: “Heredity and The Study of Human Populations After 1945”
The essays in this issue look at the contested history of human heredity after 1945 from a new analytical angle, that of populations and the ways in which they were constructed and studied. One consequence of this approach is that we do not limit our attention to the disciplinary study of genetics. After the Second World War, populations became a central topic for an array of fields, including demography, anthropology, epidemiology, and public health. Human heredity had a role in all of these: demographers carried out mental surveys in efforts to distinguish hereditary from environmental factors, doctors screened newborns and tested pregnant women for chromosome disorders; anthropologists collected blood from remote locations to gain insights into the evolutionary history of human populations; geneticists monitored people exposed to radiation. Through this work, populations were labelled as clinical, normal, primitive, pure, vulnerable or exotic. We ask: how were populations chosen, who qualified as members, and how was the study of human heredity shaped by technical, institutional and geopolitical conditions? By following the practical and conceptual work to define populations as objects of research, the essays trace the circulation of practices across different fields and contexts, bringing into view new actors, institutions, and geographies. By doing so the collection shows how human heredity research was linked to the broader politics of the postwar world, one profoundly conditioned by Cold War tensions, by nationalist concerns, by colonial and post-colonial struggles, by modernisation projects and by a new internationalism.
...MoreDescription Contents:
Article Lipphardt, Veronika (2014) “Geographical Distribution Patterns of Various Genes”: Genetic Studies of Human Variation after 1945. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 50-61).
Article Radin, Joanna (2014) Unfolding Epidemiological Stories: How the WHO Made Frozen Blood into a Flexible Resource for the Future. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 62-73).
Article Bangham, Jenny (2014) Blood Groups and Human Groups: Collecting and Calibrating Genetic Data after World War Two. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 74-86).
Article Souza, Vanderlei Sebastião de; Santos, Ricardo Ventura (2014) The Emergence of Human Population Genetics and Narratives about the Formation of the Brazilian Nation (1950--1960). Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 97-107).
Article Suárez-Díaz, Edna (2014) Indigenous Populations in Mexico: Medical Anthropology in the Work of Ruben Lisker in the 1960s. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 108-117).
Article Widmer, Alexandra (2014) Making Blood “Melanesian”: Fieldwork and Isolating Techniques in Genetic Epidemiology (1963--1976). Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 118-129).
Article Ramsden, Edmund (2014) Surveying the Meritocracy: The Problems of Intelligence and Mobility in the Studies of the Population Investigation Committee. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 130-141).
Article Santesmases, María Jesús (2014) The Human Autonomous Karyotype and the Origins of Prenatal Testing: Children, Pregnant Women and Early Down's Syndrome Cytogenetics, Madrid 1962--1975. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 142-153).
Article Löwy, Ilana (2014) How Genetics Came to the Unborn: 1960--2000. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 154-162).
Article Bauer, Susanne (2014) Mutations in Soviet Public Health Science: Post-Lysenko Medical Genetics, 1969--1991. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 163-172).
Article Gannett, Lisa (2014) Biogeographical Ancestry and Race. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 173-184).
Article Lindee, M. Susan (2014) Scaling up: Human Genetics as a Cold War Network. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 185-190).
Article Chadarevian, Soraya de (2014) Chromosome Surveys of Human Populations: Between Epidemiology and Anthropology. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (pp. 87-96).
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